feat: 初始化考培练系统项目
- 从服务器拉取完整代码 - 按框架规范整理项目结构 - 配置 Drone CI 测试环境部署 - 包含后端(FastAPI)、前端(Vue3)、管理端 技术栈: Vue3 + TypeScript + FastAPI + MySQL
This commit is contained in:
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backend/app/services/ai/course_chat_service.py
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757
backend/app/services/ai/course_chat_service.py
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"""
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课程对话服务 V2 - Python 原生实现
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功能：
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- 查询课程知识点作为知识库
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- 调用 AI 进行对话
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- 支持流式输出
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- 多轮对话历史管理（Redis 缓存）
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提供稳定可靠的课程对话能力。
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"""
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import json
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import logging
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import time
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import uuid
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from typing import Any, AsyncGenerator, Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
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from sqlalchemy import text
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from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
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from app.core.exceptions import ExternalServiceError
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from .ai_service import AIService
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from .prompts.course_chat_prompts import (
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SYSTEM_PROMPT,
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USER_PROMPT,
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KNOWLEDGE_ITEM_TEMPLATE,
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CONVERSATION_WINDOW_SIZE,
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CONVERSATION_TTL,
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MAX_KNOWLEDGE_POINTS,
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MAX_KNOWLEDGE_BASE_LENGTH,
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DEFAULT_CHAT_MODEL,
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DEFAULT_TEMPERATURE,
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)
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logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
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# 会话索引 Redis key 前缀/后缀
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CONVERSATION_INDEX_PREFIX = "course_chat:user:"
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CONVERSATION_INDEX_SUFFIX = ":conversations"
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# 会话元数据 key 前缀
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CONVERSATION_META_PREFIX = "course_chat:meta:"
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# 会话索引过期时间（与会话数据一致）
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CONVERSATION_INDEX_TTL = CONVERSATION_TTL
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class CourseChatServiceV2:
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"""
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课程对话服务 V2
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使用 Python 原生实现。
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使用示例：
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```python
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service = CourseChatServiceV2()
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# 非流式对话
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response = await service.chat(
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db=db_session,
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course_id=1,
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query="什么是玻尿酸？",
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user_id=1,
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conversation_id=None
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)
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# 流式对话
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async for chunk in service.chat_stream(
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db=db_session,
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course_id=1,
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query="什么是玻尿酸？",
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user_id=1,
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conversation_id=None
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):
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print(chunk, end="", flush=True)
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```
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"""
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# Redis key 前缀
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CONVERSATION_KEY_PREFIX = "course_chat:conversation:"
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# 模块标识
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MODULE_CODE = "course_chat"
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def __init__(self):
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"""初始化服务（AIService 在方法中动态创建，以传入 db_session）"""
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pass
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async def chat(
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self,
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db: AsyncSession,
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course_id: int,
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query: str,
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user_id: int,
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conversation_id: Optional[str] = None
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) -> Dict[str, Any]:
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"""
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与课程对话（非流式）
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Args:
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db: 数据库会话
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course_id: 课程ID
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query: 用户问题
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user_id: 用户ID
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conversation_id: 会话ID（续接对话时传入）
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Returns:
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包含 answer、conversation_id 等字段的字典
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"""
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try:
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logger.info(
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f"开始课程对话 V2 - course_id: {course_id}, user_id: {user_id}, "
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f"conversation_id: {conversation_id}"
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)
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# 1. 获取课程知识点
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knowledge_base = await self._get_course_knowledge(db, course_id)
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if not knowledge_base:
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logger.warning(f"课程 {course_id} 没有知识点，使用空知识库")
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knowledge_base = "（该课程暂无知识点内容）"
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# 2. 获取或创建会话ID
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is_new_conversation = False
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if not conversation_id:
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conversation_id = self._generate_conversation_id(user_id, course_id)
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is_new_conversation = True
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logger.info(f"创建新会话: {conversation_id}")
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# 3. 构建消息列表
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messages = await self._build_messages(
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knowledge_base=knowledge_base,
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query=query,
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user_id=user_id,
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conversation_id=conversation_id
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)
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# 4. 创建 AIService 并调用（传入 db_session 以记录调用日志）
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ai_service = AIService(module_code=self.MODULE_CODE, db_session=db)
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response = await ai_service.chat(
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messages=messages,
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model=DEFAULT_CHAT_MODEL,
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temperature=DEFAULT_TEMPERATURE,
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prompt_name="course_chat"
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)
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answer = response.content
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# 5. 保存对话历史
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await self._save_conversation_history(
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conversation_id=conversation_id,
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user_message=query,
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assistant_message=answer
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)
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# 6. 更新会话索引
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if is_new_conversation:
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await self._add_to_conversation_index(user_id, conversation_id, course_id)
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else:
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await self._update_conversation_index(user_id, conversation_id)
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logger.info(
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f"课程对话完成 - course_id: {course_id}, conversation_id: {conversation_id}, "
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f"provider: {response.provider}, tokens: {response.total_tokens}"
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)
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return {
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"success": True,
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"answer": answer,
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"conversation_id": conversation_id,
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"ai_provider": response.provider,
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"ai_model": response.model,
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"ai_tokens": response.total_tokens,
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"ai_latency_ms": response.latency_ms,
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}
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except Exception as e:
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logger.error(
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f"课程对话失败 - course_id: {course_id}, user_id: {user_id}, error: {e}",
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exc_info=True
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)
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raise ExternalServiceError(f"课程对话失败: {e}")
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async def chat_stream(
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self,
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db: AsyncSession,
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course_id: int,
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query: str,
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user_id: int,
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conversation_id: Optional[str] = None
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) -> AsyncGenerator[Tuple[str, Optional[str]], None]:
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"""
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与课程对话（流式输出）
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Args:
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db: 数据库会话
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course_id: 课程ID
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query: 用户问题
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user_id: 用户ID
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conversation_id: 会话ID（续接对话时传入）
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Yields:
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Tuple[str, Optional[str]]: (事件类型, 数据)
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- ("conversation_started", conversation_id): 会话开始
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- ("chunk", text): 文本块
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- ("end", None): 结束
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- ("error", message): 错误
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"""
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full_answer = ""
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try:
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logger.info(
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f"开始流式课程对话 V2 - course_id: {course_id}, user_id: {user_id}, "
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f"conversation_id: {conversation_id}"
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)
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# 1. 获取课程知识点
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knowledge_base = await self._get_course_knowledge(db, course_id)
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if not knowledge_base:
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logger.warning(f"课程 {course_id} 没有知识点，使用空知识库")
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knowledge_base = "（该课程暂无知识点内容）"
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# 2. 获取或创建会话ID
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is_new_conversation = False
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if not conversation_id:
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conversation_id = self._generate_conversation_id(user_id, course_id)
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is_new_conversation = True
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logger.info(f"创建新会话: {conversation_id}")
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# 3. 发送会话开始事件（如果是新会话）
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if is_new_conversation:
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yield ("conversation_started", conversation_id)
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# 4. 构建消息列表
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messages = await self._build_messages(
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knowledge_base=knowledge_base,
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query=query,
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user_id=user_id,
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conversation_id=conversation_id
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)
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# 5. 创建 AIService 并流式调用（传入 db_session 以记录调用日志）
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ai_service = AIService(module_code=self.MODULE_CODE, db_session=db)
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async for chunk in ai_service.chat_stream(
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messages=messages,
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model=DEFAULT_CHAT_MODEL,
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temperature=DEFAULT_TEMPERATURE,
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prompt_name="course_chat"
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):
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full_answer += chunk
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yield ("chunk", chunk)
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# 6. 发送结束事件
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yield ("end", None)
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# 7. 保存对话历史
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await self._save_conversation_history(
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conversation_id=conversation_id,
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user_message=query,
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assistant_message=full_answer
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)
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# 8. 更新会话索引
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if is_new_conversation:
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await self._add_to_conversation_index(user_id, conversation_id, course_id)
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else:
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await self._update_conversation_index(user_id, conversation_id)
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logger.info(
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f"流式课程对话完成 - course_id: {course_id}, conversation_id: {conversation_id}, "
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f"answer_length: {len(full_answer)}"
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)
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except Exception as e:
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logger.error(
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f"流式课程对话失败 - course_id: {course_id}, user_id: {user_id}, error: {e}",
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exc_info=True
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)
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yield ("error", str(e))
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async def _get_course_knowledge(
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self,
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db: AsyncSession,
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course_id: int
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) -> str:
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"""
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获取课程知识点，构建知识库文本
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Args:
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db: 数据库会话
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course_id: 课程ID
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Returns:
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知识库文本
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"""
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try:
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# 查询知识点（课程知识点查询）
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query = text("""
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SELECT kp.name, kp.description
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FROM knowledge_points kp
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INNER JOIN course_materials cm ON kp.material_id = cm.id
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WHERE kp.course_id = :course_id
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AND kp.is_deleted = 0
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AND cm.is_deleted = 0
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ORDER BY kp.id
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LIMIT :limit
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""")
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result = await db.execute(
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query,
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{"course_id": course_id, "limit": MAX_KNOWLEDGE_POINTS}
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)
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rows = result.fetchall()
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if not rows:
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logger.warning(f"课程 {course_id} 没有关联的知识点")
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return ""
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# 构建知识库文本
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knowledge_items = []
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total_length = 0
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for row in rows:
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name = row[0] or ""
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description = row[1] or ""
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item = KNOWLEDGE_ITEM_TEMPLATE.format(
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name=name,
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description=description
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)
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# 检查是否超过长度限制
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if total_length + len(item) > MAX_KNOWLEDGE_BASE_LENGTH:
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logger.warning(
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f"知识库文本已达到最大长度限制 {MAX_KNOWLEDGE_BASE_LENGTH}，"
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f"停止添加更多知识点"
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)
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break
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knowledge_items.append(item)
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total_length += len(item)
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knowledge_base = "\n".join(knowledge_items)
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logger.info(
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f"获取课程知识点成功 - course_id: {course_id}, "
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f"count: {len(knowledge_items)}, length: {len(knowledge_base)}"
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)
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return knowledge_base
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except Exception as e:
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logger.error(f"获取课程知识点失败: {e}")
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raise
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async def _build_messages(
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self,
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knowledge_base: str,
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query: str,
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user_id: int,
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conversation_id: str
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) -> List[Dict[str, str]]:
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"""
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构建消息列表（包含历史对话）
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Args:
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knowledge_base: 知识库文本
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query: 当前用户问题
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user_id: 用户ID
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conversation_id: 会话ID
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Returns:
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消息列表
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"""
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messages = []
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# 1. 系统提示词
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system_content = SYSTEM_PROMPT.format(knowledge_base=knowledge_base)
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messages.append({"role": "system", "content": system_content})
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# 2. 获取历史对话
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history = await self._get_conversation_history(conversation_id)
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# 限制历史窗口大小
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if len(history) > CONVERSATION_WINDOW_SIZE * 2:
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history = history[-(CONVERSATION_WINDOW_SIZE * 2):]
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# 添加历史消息
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messages.extend(history)
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# 3. 当前用户问题
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user_content = USER_PROMPT.format(query=query)
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messages.append({"role": "user", "content": user_content})
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logger.debug(
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f"构建消息列表 - total: {len(messages)}, history: {len(history)}"
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)
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return messages
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def _generate_conversation_id(self, user_id: int, course_id: int) -> str:
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"""生成会话ID"""
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unique_id = uuid.uuid4().hex[:8]
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return f"conv_{user_id}_{course_id}_{unique_id}"
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async def _get_conversation_history(
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self,
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conversation_id: str
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) -> List[Dict[str, str]]:
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"""
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从 Redis 获取会话历史
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Args:
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conversation_id: 会话ID
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Returns:
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消息列表 [{"role": "user/assistant", "content": "..."}]
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"""
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try:
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from app.core.redis import get_redis_client
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redis = get_redis_client()
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key = f"{self.CONVERSATION_KEY_PREFIX}{conversation_id}"
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data = await redis.get(key)
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if not data:
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return []
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history = json.loads(data)
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return history
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except RuntimeError:
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# Redis 未初始化，返回空历史
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logger.warning("Redis 未初始化，无法获取会话历史")
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return []
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except Exception as e:
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logger.warning(f"获取会话历史失败: {e}")
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return []
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async def _save_conversation_history(
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self,
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conversation_id: str,
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user_message: str,
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assistant_message: str
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) -> None:
|
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"""
|
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保存对话历史到 Redis
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||||
|
||||
Args:
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conversation_id: 会话ID
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user_message: 用户消息
|
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assistant_message: AI 回复
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"""
|
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try:
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from app.core.redis import get_redis_client
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redis = get_redis_client()
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key = f"{self.CONVERSATION_KEY_PREFIX}{conversation_id}"
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# 获取现有历史
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history = await self._get_conversation_history(conversation_id)
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# 添加新消息
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history.append({"role": "user", "content": user_message})
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history.append({"role": "assistant", "content": assistant_message})
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# 限制历史长度
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max_messages = CONVERSATION_WINDOW_SIZE * 2
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if len(history) > max_messages:
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history = history[-max_messages:]
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||||
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# 保存到 Redis
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await redis.setex(
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key,
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CONVERSATION_TTL,
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json.dumps(history, ensure_ascii=False)
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||||
)
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||||
|
||||
logger.debug(
|
||||
f"保存会话历史成功 - conversation_id: {conversation_id}, "
|
||||
f"messages: {len(history)}"
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
except RuntimeError:
|
||||
# Redis 未初始化，跳过保存
|
||||
logger.warning("Redis 未初始化，无法保存会话历史")
|
||||
except Exception as e:
|
||||
logger.warning(f"保存会话历史失败: {e}")
|
||||
|
||||
async def get_conversation_messages(
|
||||
self,
|
||||
conversation_id: str,
|
||||
user_id: int
|
||||
) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
|
||||
"""
|
||||
获取会话的历史消息
|
||||
|
||||
Args:
|
||||
conversation_id: 会话ID
|
||||
user_id: 用户ID（用于权限验证）
|
||||
|
||||
Returns:
|
||||
消息列表
|
||||
"""
|
||||
# 验证会话ID是否属于该用户
|
||||
if not conversation_id.startswith(f"conv_{user_id}_"):
|
||||
logger.warning(
|
||||
f"用户 {user_id} 尝试访问不属于自己的会话: {conversation_id}"
|
||||
)
|
||||
return []
|
||||
|
||||
history = await self._get_conversation_history(conversation_id)
|
||||
|
||||
# 格式化返回数据
|
||||
messages = []
|
||||
for i, msg in enumerate(history):
|
||||
messages.append({
|
||||
"id": i,
|
||||
"role": msg["role"],
|
||||
"content": msg["content"],
|
||||
})
|
||||
|
||||
return messages
|
||||
|
||||
async def _add_to_conversation_index(
|
||||
self,
|
||||
user_id: int,
|
||||
conversation_id: str,
|
||||
course_id: int
|
||||
) -> None:
|
||||
"""
|
||||
将会话添加到用户索引
|
||||
|
||||
Args:
|
||||
user_id: 用户ID
|
||||
conversation_id: 会话ID
|
||||
course_id: 课程ID
|
||||
"""
|
||||
try:
|
||||
from app.core.redis import get_redis_client
|
||||
|
||||
redis = get_redis_client()
|
||||
|
||||
# 1. 添加到用户的会话索引（Sorted Set，score 为时间戳）
|
||||
index_key = f"{CONVERSATION_INDEX_PREFIX}{user_id}{CONVERSATION_INDEX_SUFFIX}"
|
||||
timestamp = time.time()
|
||||
await redis.zadd(index_key, {conversation_id: timestamp})
|
||||
await redis.expire(index_key, CONVERSATION_INDEX_TTL)
|
||||
|
||||
# 2. 保存会话元数据
|
||||
meta_key = f"{CONVERSATION_META_PREFIX}{conversation_id}"
|
||||
meta_data = {
|
||||
"conversation_id": conversation_id,
|
||||
"user_id": user_id,
|
||||
"course_id": course_id,
|
||||
"created_at": timestamp,
|
||||
"updated_at": timestamp,
|
||||
}
|
||||
await redis.setex(
|
||||
meta_key,
|
||||
CONVERSATION_INDEX_TTL,
|
||||
json.dumps(meta_data, ensure_ascii=False)
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
logger.debug(
|
||||
f"会话已添加到索引 - user_id: {user_id}, conversation_id: {conversation_id}"
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
except RuntimeError:
|
||||
logger.warning("Redis 未初始化，无法添加会话索引")
|
||||
except Exception as e:
|
||||
logger.warning(f"添加会话索引失败: {e}")
|
||||
|
||||
async def _update_conversation_index(
|
||||
self,
|
||||
user_id: int,
|
||||
conversation_id: str
|
||||
) -> None:
|
||||
"""
|
||||
更新会话的最后活跃时间
|
||||
|
||||
Args:
|
||||
user_id: 用户ID
|
||||
conversation_id: 会话ID
|
||||
"""
|
||||
try:
|
||||
from app.core.redis import get_redis_client
|
||||
|
||||
redis = get_redis_client()
|
||||
|
||||
# 更新索引中的时间戳
|
||||
index_key = f"{CONVERSATION_INDEX_PREFIX}{user_id}{CONVERSATION_INDEX_SUFFIX}"
|
||||
timestamp = time.time()
|
||||
await redis.zadd(index_key, {conversation_id: timestamp})
|
||||
await redis.expire(index_key, CONVERSATION_INDEX_TTL)
|
||||
|
||||
# 更新元数据中的 updated_at
|
||||
meta_key = f"{CONVERSATION_META_PREFIX}{conversation_id}"
|
||||
meta_data = await redis.get(meta_key)
|
||||
if meta_data:
|
||||
meta = json.loads(meta_data)
|
||||
meta["updated_at"] = timestamp
|
||||
await redis.setex(
|
||||
meta_key,
|
||||
CONVERSATION_INDEX_TTL,
|
||||
json.dumps(meta, ensure_ascii=False)
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
logger.debug(
|
||||
f"会话索引已更新 - user_id: {user_id}, conversation_id: {conversation_id}"
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
except RuntimeError:
|
||||
logger.warning("Redis 未初始化，无法更新会话索引")
|
||||
except Exception as e:
|
||||
logger.warning(f"更新会话索引失败: {e}")
|
||||
|
||||
async def list_user_conversations(
|
||||
self,
|
||||
user_id: int,
|
||||
limit: int = 20
|
||||
) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
|
||||
"""
|
||||
获取用户的会话列表
|
||||
|
||||
Args:
|
||||
user_id: 用户ID
|
||||
limit: 返回数量限制
|
||||
|
||||
Returns:
|
||||
会话列表，按更新时间倒序
|
||||
"""
|
||||
try:
|
||||
from app.core.redis import get_redis_client
|
||||
|
||||
redis = get_redis_client()
|
||||
|
||||
# 1. 从索引获取最近的会话ID列表（倒序）
|
||||
index_key = f"{CONVERSATION_INDEX_PREFIX}{user_id}{CONVERSATION_INDEX_SUFFIX}"
|
||||
conversation_ids = await redis.zrevrange(index_key, 0, limit - 1)
|
||||
|
||||
if not conversation_ids:
|
||||
logger.debug(f"用户 {user_id} 没有会话记录")
|
||||
return []
|
||||
|
||||
# 2. 获取每个会话的元数据和最后消息
|
||||
conversations = []
|
||||
for conv_id in conversation_ids:
|
||||
# 确保是字符串
|
||||
if isinstance(conv_id, bytes):
|
||||
conv_id = conv_id.decode('utf-8')
|
||||
|
||||
# 获取元数据
|
||||
meta_key = f"{CONVERSATION_META_PREFIX}{conv_id}"
|
||||
meta_data = await redis.get(meta_key)
|
||||
|
||||
if meta_data:
|
||||
if isinstance(meta_data, bytes):
|
||||
meta_data = meta_data.decode('utf-8')
|
||||
meta = json.loads(meta_data)
|
||||
else:
|
||||
# 从 conversation_id 解析 course_id
|
||||
# 格式: conv_{user_id}_{course_id}_{uuid}
|
||||
parts = conv_id.split('_')
|
||||
course_id = int(parts[2]) if len(parts) >= 3 else 0
|
||||
meta = {
|
||||
"conversation_id": conv_id,
|
||||
"user_id": user_id,
|
||||
"course_id": course_id,
|
||||
"created_at": time.time(),
|
||||
"updated_at": time.time(),
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
# 获取最后一条消息作为预览
|
||||
history = await self._get_conversation_history(conv_id)
|
||||
last_message = ""
|
||||
if history:
|
||||
# 获取最后一条 assistant 消息
|
||||
for msg in reversed(history):
|
||||
if msg["role"] == "assistant":
|
||||
last_message = msg["content"][:100] # 截取前100字符
|
||||
if len(msg["content"]) > 100:
|
||||
last_message += "..."
|
||||
break
|
||||
|
||||
conversations.append({
|
||||
"id": conv_id,
|
||||
"course_id": meta.get("course_id"),
|
||||
"created_at": meta.get("created_at"),
|
||||
"updated_at": meta.get("updated_at"),
|
||||
"last_message": last_message,
|
||||
"message_count": len(history),
|
||||
})
|
||||
|
||||
logger.info(f"获取用户会话列表 - user_id: {user_id}, count: {len(conversations)}")
|
||||
return conversations
|
||||
|
||||
except RuntimeError:
|
||||
logger.warning("Redis 未初始化，无法获取会话列表")
|
||||
return []
|
||||
except Exception as e:
|
||||
logger.warning(f"获取会话列表失败: {e}")
|
||||
return []
|
||||
|
||||
# 别名方法，供 API 层调用
|
||||
async def get_conversations(
|
||||
self,
|
||||
user_id: int,
|
||||
course_id: Optional[int] = None,
|
||||
limit: int = 20
|
||||
) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
|
||||
"""
|
||||
获取用户的会话列表（别名方法）
|
||||
|
||||
Args:
|
||||
user_id: 用户ID
|
||||
course_id: 课程ID（可选，用于过滤）
|
||||
limit: 返回数量限制
|
||||
|
||||
Returns:
|
||||
会话列表
|
||||
"""
|
||||
conversations = await self.list_user_conversations(user_id, limit)
|
||||
|
||||
# 如果指定了 course_id，进行过滤
|
||||
if course_id is not None:
|
||||
conversations = [
|
||||
c for c in conversations
|
||||
if c.get("course_id") == course_id
|
||||
]
|
||||
|
||||
return conversations
|
||||
|
||||
async def get_messages(
|
||||
self,
|
||||
conversation_id: str,
|
||||
user_id: int,
|
||||
limit: int = 50
|
||||
) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
|
||||
"""
|
||||
获取会话历史消息（别名方法）
|
||||
|
||||
Args:
|
||||
conversation_id: 会话ID
|
||||
user_id: 用户ID（用于权限验证）
|
||||
limit: 返回数量限制
|
||||
|
||||
Returns:
|
||||
消息列表
|
||||
"""
|
||||
messages = await self.get_conversation_messages(conversation_id, limit)
|
||||
return messages
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
# 创建全局实例
|
||||
course_chat_service_v2 = CourseChatServiceV2()
|
||||
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user