- 新增storage_service.py封装MinIO操作 - 修改upload.py使用storage_service上传文件 - 修改course_service.py使用storage_service删除文件 - 适配preview.py支持从MinIO获取文件 - 适配knowledge_analysis_v2.py支持MinIO存储 - 在config.py添加MinIO配置项 - 添加minio依赖到requirements.txt 支持特性： - 自动降级到本地存储（MinIO不可用时） - 保持URL格式兼容（/static/uploads/） - 文件自动缓存到本地（用于预览和分析） Co-authored-by: Cursor <cursoragent@cursor.com>
This commit is contained in:
yuliang_guo
422
backend/app/services/storage_service.py
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422
backend/app/services/storage_service.py
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"""
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统一文件存储服务
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支持MinIO对象存储，兼容本地文件系统
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使用方式：
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from app.services.storage_service import storage_service
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# 上传文件
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file_url = await storage_service.upload(file_data, "courses/1/doc.pdf")
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# 下载文件
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file_data = await storage_service.download("courses/1/doc.pdf")
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# 删除文件
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await storage_service.delete("courses/1/doc.pdf")
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"""
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import os
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import io
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import logging
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from pathlib import Path
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from typing import Optional, Union, BinaryIO
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from datetime import timedelta
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from minio import Minio
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from minio.error import S3Error
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from app.core.config import settings
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logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
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class StorageService:
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"""
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统一文件存储服务
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支持两种存储后端：
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1. MinIO对象存储（推荐，生产环境）
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2. 本地文件系统（开发环境或MinIO不可用时的降级方案）
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"""
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def __init__(self):
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self._client: Optional[Minio] = None
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self._initialized = False
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self._use_minio = False
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def _ensure_initialized(self):
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"""确保服务已初始化"""
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if self._initialized:
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return
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self._initialized = True
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# 检查是否启用MinIO
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if not settings.MINIO_ENABLED:
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logger.info("MinIO未启用，使用本地文件存储")
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self._use_minio = False
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return
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try:
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self._client = Minio(
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settings.MINIO_ENDPOINT,
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access_key=settings.MINIO_ACCESS_KEY,
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secret_key=settings.MINIO_SECRET_KEY,
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secure=settings.MINIO_SECURE,
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)
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# 验证连接并确保bucket存在
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bucket_name = self._get_bucket_name()
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if not self._client.bucket_exists(bucket_name):
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self._client.make_bucket(bucket_name)
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logger.info(f"创建MinIO bucket: {bucket_name}")
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# 设置bucket策略为公开读取
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self._set_bucket_public_read(bucket_name)
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self._use_minio = True
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logger.info(f"MinIO存储服务初始化成功 - endpoint: {settings.MINIO_ENDPOINT}, bucket: {bucket_name}")
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except Exception as e:
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logger.warning(f"MinIO初始化失败，降级为本地存储: {e}")
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self._use_minio = False
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def _get_bucket_name(self) -> str:
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"""获取当前租户的bucket名称"""
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return f"kpl-{settings.TENANT_CODE}"
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def _set_bucket_public_read(self, bucket_name: str):
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"""设置bucket为公开读取"""
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try:
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# 设置匿名读取策略
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policy = {
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"Version": "2012-10-17",
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"Statement": [
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{
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"Effect": "Allow",
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"Principal": {"AWS": "*"},
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"Action": ["s3:GetObject"],
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"Resource": [f"arn:aws:s3:::{bucket_name}/*"]
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}
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]
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}
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import json
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self._client.set_bucket_policy(bucket_name, json.dumps(policy))
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except Exception as e:
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logger.warning(f"设置bucket公开读取策略失败: {e}")
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def _normalize_object_name(self, object_name: str) -> str:
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"""标准化对象名称，移除前缀斜杠"""
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if object_name.startswith('/'):
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object_name = object_name[1:]
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if object_name.startswith('static/uploads/'):
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object_name = object_name.replace('static/uploads/', '')
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return object_name
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def _get_file_url(self, object_name: str) -> str:
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"""获取文件访问URL"""
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object_name = self._normalize_object_name(object_name)
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# 统一返回 /static/uploads/ 格式的URL，由Nginx代理到MinIO
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return f"/static/uploads/{object_name}"
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def _get_local_path(self, object_name: str) -> Path:
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"""获取本地文件路径"""
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object_name = self._normalize_object_name(object_name)
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return Path(settings.UPLOAD_PATH) / object_name
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async def upload(
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self,
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file_data: Union[bytes, BinaryIO],
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object_name: str,
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content_type: Optional[str] = None,
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) -> str:
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"""
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上传文件
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Args:
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file_data: 文件数据（bytes或文件对象）
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object_name: 对象名称（如 courses/1/doc.pdf）
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content_type: 文件MIME类型
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Returns:
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文件访问URL
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"""
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self._ensure_initialized()
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object_name = self._normalize_object_name(object_name)
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# 转换为bytes
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if isinstance(file_data, bytes):
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data = file_data
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else:
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data = file_data.read()
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if self._use_minio:
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return await self._upload_to_minio(data, object_name, content_type)
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else:
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return await self._upload_to_local(data, object_name)
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async def _upload_to_minio(
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self,
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data: bytes,
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object_name: str,
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content_type: Optional[str] = None,
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) -> str:
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"""上传到MinIO"""
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try:
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bucket_name = self._get_bucket_name()
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# 自动检测content_type
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if not content_type:
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content_type = self._guess_content_type(object_name)
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self._client.put_object(
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bucket_name,
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object_name,
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io.BytesIO(data),
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length=len(data),
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content_type=content_type,
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)
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file_url = self._get_file_url(object_name)
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logger.info(f"文件上传到MinIO成功: {object_name} -> {file_url}")
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return file_url
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except S3Error as e:
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logger.error(f"MinIO上传失败: {e}")
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# 降级到本地存储
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return await self._upload_to_local(data, object_name)
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async def _upload_to_local(self, data: bytes, object_name: str) -> str:
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"""上传到本地文件系统"""
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try:
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file_path = self._get_local_path(object_name)
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file_path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
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with open(file_path, 'wb') as f:
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f.write(data)
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file_url = self._get_file_url(object_name)
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logger.info(f"文件上传到本地成功: {object_name} -> {file_url}")
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return file_url
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except Exception as e:
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logger.error(f"本地文件上传失败: {e}")
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raise
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async def download(self, object_name: str) -> Optional[bytes]:
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"""
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下载文件
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Args:
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object_name: 对象名称
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Returns:
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文件数据，如果文件不存在返回None
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"""
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self._ensure_initialized()
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object_name = self._normalize_object_name(object_name)
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if self._use_minio:
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return await self._download_from_minio(object_name)
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else:
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return await self._download_from_local(object_name)
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async def _download_from_minio(self, object_name: str) -> Optional[bytes]:
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"""从MinIO下载"""
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try:
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bucket_name = self._get_bucket_name()
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response = self._client.get_object(bucket_name, object_name)
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data = response.read()
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response.close()
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response.release_conn()
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return data
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except S3Error as e:
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if e.code == 'NoSuchKey':
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logger.warning(f"MinIO文件不存在: {object_name}")
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# 尝试从本地读取（兼容迁移过渡期）
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return await self._download_from_local(object_name)
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logger.error(f"MinIO下载失败: {e}")
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return None
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async def _download_from_local(self, object_name: str) -> Optional[bytes]:
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"""从本地文件系统下载"""
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try:
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file_path = self._get_local_path(object_name)
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if not file_path.exists():
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logger.warning(f"本地文件不存在: {file_path}")
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return None
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with open(file_path, 'rb') as f:
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return f.read()
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except Exception as e:
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logger.error(f"本地文件下载失败: {e}")
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return None
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async def delete(self, object_name: str) -> bool:
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"""
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删除文件
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Args:
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object_name: 对象名称
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Returns:
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是否删除成功
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"""
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self._ensure_initialized()
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object_name = self._normalize_object_name(object_name)
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success = True
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# MinIO删除
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if self._use_minio:
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try:
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bucket_name = self._get_bucket_name()
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self._client.remove_object(bucket_name, object_name)
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logger.info(f"MinIO文件删除成功: {object_name}")
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except S3Error as e:
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if e.code != 'NoSuchKey':
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logger.error(f"MinIO文件删除失败: {e}")
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success = False
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# 同时删除本地文件（确保彻底清理）
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try:
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file_path = self._get_local_path(object_name)
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if file_path.exists():
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os.remove(file_path)
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logger.info(f"本地文件删除成功: {file_path}")
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except Exception as e:
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logger.warning(f"本地文件删除失败: {e}")
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return success
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async def exists(self, object_name: str) -> bool:
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"""
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检查文件是否存在
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Args:
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object_name: 对象名称
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Returns:
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文件是否存在
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"""
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self._ensure_initialized()
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object_name = self._normalize_object_name(object_name)
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if self._use_minio:
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try:
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bucket_name = self._get_bucket_name()
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self._client.stat_object(bucket_name, object_name)
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return True
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except S3Error:
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pass
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# 检查本地文件
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file_path = self._get_local_path(object_name)
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return file_path.exists()
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async def get_file_path(self, object_name: str) -> Optional[Path]:
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"""
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获取文件的本地路径（用于需要本地文件操作的场景）
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如果文件在MinIO中，会先下载到临时目录
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Args:
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object_name: 对象名称
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Returns:
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本地文件路径，如果文件不存在返回None
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"""
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self._ensure_initialized()
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object_name = self._normalize_object_name(object_name)
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# 先检查本地是否存在
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local_path = self._get_local_path(object_name)
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if local_path.exists():
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return local_path
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# 如果MinIO启用，尝试下载到本地缓存
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if self._use_minio:
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try:
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data = await self._download_from_minio(object_name)
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if data:
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# 保存到本地缓存
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local_path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
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with open(local_path, 'wb') as f:
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f.write(data)
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logger.info(f"从MinIO下载文件到本地缓存: {object_name}")
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return local_path
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except Exception as e:
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logger.error(f"下载MinIO文件到本地失败: {e}")
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return None
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def get_presigned_url(self, object_name: str, expires: int = 3600) -> Optional[str]:
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"""
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获取预签名URL（用于直接访问MinIO）
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Args:
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object_name: 对象名称
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expires: 过期时间（秒）
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Returns:
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预签名URL，如果MinIO未启用返回None
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"""
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self._ensure_initialized()
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if not self._use_minio:
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return None
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object_name = self._normalize_object_name(object_name)
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try:
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bucket_name = self._get_bucket_name()
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url = self._client.presigned_get_object(
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bucket_name,
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object_name,
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expires=timedelta(seconds=expires)
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)
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return url
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except S3Error as e:
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logger.error(f"获取预签名URL失败: {e}")
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return None
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def _guess_content_type(self, filename: str) -> str:
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"""根据文件名猜测MIME类型"""
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ext = filename.rsplit('.', 1)[-1].lower() if '.' in filename else ''
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content_types = {
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'pdf': 'application/pdf',
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'doc': 'application/msword',
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'docx': 'application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document',
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'xls': 'application/vnd.ms-excel',
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'xlsx': 'application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet',
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'ppt': 'application/vnd.ms-powerpoint',
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'pptx': 'application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation',
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'txt': 'text/plain',
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'md': 'text/markdown',
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'html': 'text/html',
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'htm': 'text/html',
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'csv': 'text/csv',
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'json': 'application/json',
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'xml': 'application/xml',
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'zip': 'application/zip',
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'png': 'image/png',
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'jpg': 'image/jpeg',
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'jpeg': 'image/jpeg',
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'gif': 'image/gif',
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'webp': 'image/webp',
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'mp3': 'audio/mpeg',
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'wav': 'audio/wav',
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'mp4': 'video/mp4',
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'webm': 'video/webm',
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}
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return content_types.get(ext, 'application/octet-stream')
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@property
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def is_minio_enabled(self) -> bool:
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"""检查MinIO是否启用"""
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self._ensure_initialized()
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return self._use_minio
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# 全局单例
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storage_service = StorageService()
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